What Is a Hair Clipper? A Beginner’s Guide to Haircut Tools

1. Introduction.

What is a hair clipper? It’s a grooming tool designed to cut hair quickly, evenly, and efficiently. Used by barbers, hairstylists, and individuals at home, hair clippers are essential for maintaining short hairstyles, fades, and overall hair maintenance.

Unlike scissors or razors, hair clippers use sharp blades powered by a motor to trim large sections of hair at once. They are especially helpful for creating clean, professional-looking haircuts with minimal effort. Whether you’re doing a quick touch-up or a full haircut, a hair clipper saves time and ensures precision.

In this article, we’ll break down the basics of hair clippers, explore their types, features, and how they compare to other grooming tools. If you’re new to hair care or just curious, this guide will help you understand what a hair clipper is and why it’s a must-have tool for grooming.

2. History of Hair Clippers

To fully understand what is a hair clipper, it helps to look at where it all began. Hair clippers have a long history, evolving from simple manual tools to advanced electric devices used worldwide today.

Early Beginnings: Manual Hair Clippers

Hair clippers were first invented in the late 19th century by Serbian barber Nikola Bizumić. These early versions were manual, operated by squeezing the handles together, which moved the blades back and forth. They were mainly used in barbershops and required skill and strength to operate efficiently.

The Electric Revolution

In the 1920s, the first electric hair clipper was introduced by Leo J. Wahl, founder of the Wahl Clipper Corporation. This breakthrough revolutionized the world of hair grooming for good. Powered by a small motor, the electric clipper offered speed, consistency, and ease of use.

Modern Advancements

Today, hair clippers come in a variety of designs: corded, cordless, waterproof, and even smart clippers with digital displays. Technological advancements have made them more powerful, lightweight, and user-friendly, making it easier than ever for anyone to use a hair clipper at home.

3. Types of Hair Clippers

When exploring the question ‘What is a hair clipper?’, it’s essential to recognize that hair clippers come in various types and are not all created equal. They come in different types, each designed for specific needs, users, and haircutting styles.

a. Corded Hair Clippers

Corded clippers are powered by electricity and must be plugged in during use. They offer consistent power and are commonly used in professional barbershops. Since they don’t rely on battery life, they’re great for long or multiple cutting sessions.

b. Cordless Hair Clippers

Cordless clippers run on rechargeable batteries, making them portable and convenient. They’re perfect for home use or traveling. Modern cordless models often come with strong lithium-ion batteries and can deliver almost the same power as corded ones.

c. Manual Hair Clippers

These are the original clippers, operated by hand without electricity. While rare today, they’re sometimes used for educational purposes or in traditional settings. They require more effort and are mostly obsolete in modern grooming.

d. Specialty Clippers (Fade Clippers, Balding Clippers, etc.)

Some clippers are built for specific styles like fades, bald cuts, or trimming thick/coarse hair. These clippers usually have unique blade designs or adjustable levers for detailed styling.

4. Key Components of a Hair Clipper

To better understand what is a hair clipper, it helps to know the key parts that make it work. Whether you’re buying a clipper or learning how to use one, knowing its components will give you a clearer idea of how this grooming tool functions.

a. Blades

The blades are the most important part of a hair clipper. They do the actual cutting by sliding back and forth rapidly. Blades can be made from stainless steel, ceramic, or titanium. High-quality blades provide a smoother cut and last longer.

b. Motor

The motor powers the clipper and moves the blades. There are three main types: magnetic, rotary, and pivot. A strong motor allows for smoother and faster cutting, especially on thick hair.

c. Guards/Combs

Guards (also called guide combs) snap onto the clipper blades to control the length of the cut. They come in various sizes (usually numbered) so you can choose how much hair to leave.

d. Lever or Taper Control

Most clippers come with an adjustable taper lever on the side. This allows you to fine-tune the blade length without changing the guard — ideal for fades and blending hair.

e. Power Source

Hair clippers can be corded (powered by electricity) or cordless (battery-operated). The power source affects how long and how often you can use the clipper without interruption.

f. Housing/Body

The body or housing is the outer shell of the clipper. It should be durable, easy to grip, and lightweight. Some clippers have ergonomic designs or rubber grips for better handling.

5. How a Hair Clipper Works

Now that we’ve covered what a hair clipper is and its key components, it’s time to dive into how it actually works. Whether corded or cordless, the basic mechanism of a hair clipper remains the same — the motor drives the blades to cut hair efficiently.

a. The Motor Powers the Blades

At the heart of every hair clipper is a motor. When you turn on the clipper, the motor starts running, causing the blades to move. The speed and type of motor (magnetic, rotary, or pivot) affect how fast and smooth the blades cut. A high-powered motor provides more force, making it easier to cut through thicker or denser hair.

b. The Blades Cut the Hair

The blades in a hair clipper move back and forth at high speed, making the actual cut. The sharpness and material of the blades (typically stainless steel or ceramic) play a major role in how smoothly the clipper cuts through the hair. As the blades move, they trim hair to the desired length, depending on the guard or comb setting used.

c. Guard Controls the Cutting Length

Most clippers come with different-sized guards or combs that attach to the blades. These guards control the length of hair that is cut. For example, a #2 guard will leave hair a certain length, while a #1 guard will leave hair shorter. Adjusting the guard size or using a lever (if available) lets you customize the haircut according to your preference.

d. Corded vs. Cordless Operation

If you’re using a corded clipper, the motor is powered by electricity from an outlet, providing continuous power. For cordless clippers, the motor is powered by rechargeable batteries. Cordless clippers typically use lithium-ion batteries, which are more efficient and last longer than older models. When the battery gets low, you’ll need to recharge before continuing.

e. Adjusting the Taper (For Fades and Blending)

Many hair clippers come with an adjustable taper lever. This lever allows you to fine-tune the blade’s position for a shorter or longer cut without changing the guard. This is especially useful for creating fades and blending different hair lengths seamlessly.

6. Hair Clipper vs. Trimmer vs. Shaver

When discussing what a hair clipper is, it’s important to distinguish it from other common grooming tools: trimmers and shavers. While all three tools are used for cutting hair, they serve different purposes and are designed for different tasks.

a. Hair Clipper

A hair clipper is primarily designed for cutting hair on the scalp. It is equipped with longer, sharp blades that can cut through thicker hair efficiently. Hair clippers are typically used to trim large sections of hair quickly and evenly, making them ideal for home haircuts, fades, or cutting short to medium-length hair.

Key Features:

Best for cutting larger areas of hair
Adjustable guards for different hair lengths
Strong motor for thicker hair

b. Trimmer

A trimmer is a smaller, more precise tool used for detailing. While a clipper is used for larger cuts, a trimmer is often used for precision tasks such as outlining sideburns, shaping a beard, or trimming necklines. Trimmers usually have finer blades and are often smaller and lighter than clippers.

Key Features:

Ideal for precision cutting and detailing
Narrower blades for fine lines
Often used for facial hair, sideburns, or neckline

c. Shaver

A shaver is designed for a close shave, typically for removing hair at or near the skin’s surface. Unlike clippers and trimmers, which leave a bit of hair, shavers are used for completely smooth skin. They’re most commonly used for shaving facial hair or the scalp.

Key Features:

Designed for a very close shave
Leaves skin smooth with minimal hair
Best for facial hair and smooth skin

Comparison Summary:

Hair Clippers: Ideal for cutting and trimming longer hair, providing even cuts for haircuts and fades.
Trimmers: Best for detailed work, such as trimming facial hair or edges.
Shavers: Used for getting a smooth, close shave, leaving no hair on the skin.

Understanding the differences between these tools helps you make informed decisions about what a hair clipper is and when to use it versus a trimmer or shaver. Each tool is designed for a specific purpose, and choosing the right one depends on your grooming needs.

7. Top Features to Look for in a Hair Clipper

When deciding what a hair clipper is and which one to buy, it’s crucial to understand the key features that can make or break your grooming experience. The right clipper will offer comfort, efficiency, and a clean result. Here are the top features to consider:

a. Motor Power

The motor is the heart of any hair clipper. A powerful motor will provide consistent performance, especially when cutting through thick or coarse hair. Hair clippers typically use magnetic, pivot, or rotary motors. Rotary motors are often the strongest, making them ideal for heavy-duty use.

Tip: Look for a clipper with a powerful motor if you plan to use it regularly or for thick hair.

b. Blade Quality and Material

The blades of a hair clipper determine the quality of your haircut. Most clippers come with stainless steel, ceramic, or titanium blades. Titanium blades tend to be the sharpest and most durable, while ceramic blades are quieter and stay cooler during use.

Tip: If you’re looking for a long-lasting, smooth cut, go for a clipper with titanium blades.

c. Adjustable Guards

Guards (also called combs) determine how much hair the clipper cuts off. Look for clippers that come with multiple guard sizes to offer flexibility in hair length. Some clippers feature an adjustable lever that lets you change the cutting length without switching guards, which is great for fades and blending.

Tip: If you’re interested in versatile cuts, choose a clipper with adjustable guards or a lever.

d. Corded vs. Cordless

Choosing between a corded or cordless hair clipper depends on your preference for mobility. Corded hair clippers deliver uninterrupted power, but they limit mobility since they need to be plugged into an outlet. Cordless clippers are more portable, ideal for travel, and typically have rechargeable lithium-ion batteries that last longer and charge faster.Tip: For flexibility, go for a cordless clipper with a long-lasting battery if you want the freedom to move around.

e. Ergonomics and Grip

Comfort matters when using a hair clipper, especially for long cutting sessions. Look for clippers with an ergonomic design and rubberized grips to prevent slipping. A lightweight clipper will also reduce hand fatigue, making the grooming experience more comfortable.

Pro Tip: For frequent haircuts, go for a clipper that’s both lightweight and comfortable to hold to minimize hand fatigue.

f. Noise and Vibration

Some clippers can be noisy or vibrate excessively, which might make the cutting process uncomfortable. Choose clippers designed for low noise and reduced vibration to enjoy a calmer, more comfortable grooming session this is especially important if you plan to use the clipper for extended periods.

Tip: Ceramic blade clippers tend to be quieter compared to metal blades, so look for those if you prefer a quieter cut.

8. Best Hair Clippers for Home Use vs Professional Use

When it comes to understanding what a hair clipper is, it’s important to differentiate between clippers designed for home use and those intended for professional settings. While both types of clippers can get the job done, there are key differences that determine which one is right for you.

a. Hair Clippers for Home Use

Home-use clippers are designed with simplicity and affordability in mind. These clippers are usually lighter, quieter, and easier to handle. They are perfect for people who only need to trim their hair occasionally and don’t want to invest in heavy-duty equipment.

Key Features of Home-Use Clippers:

Affordability: More budget-friendly options
Ease of Use: Lightweight and user-friendly for beginners
Compact Design: Smaller and easier to store
Adequate Power: Suitable for light to medium haircuts

Examples of Home-Use Clippers:

Wahl Color Pro Cordless Clipper: A popular choice for home use with easy-to-use color-coded guards.
Philips Norelco Hair Clipper Series 7000: Known for its quiet operation and versatility for basic haircuts.

b. Hair Clippers for Professional Use

Professional clippers are built to withstand long hours of use and provide precision in every cut. They have stronger motors, higher-quality blades, and are generally designed for barbers or stylists who cut hair regularly. These clippers are often more durable and offer more advanced features compared to home-use models.

Key Features of Professional Clippers:

Powerful Motor: Often with a rotary motor for consistent performance
Durability: Designed to last through daily use in busy salons or barbershops
Higher Blade Quality: Titanium or carbon steel blades for longer-lasting sharpnessEnhanced Options: Features like adjustable taper levers, various guard attachments, and faster blade speeds add versatility and precision.
Examples of Professional Clippers:
Andis Master Clipper: Known for its powerful rotary motor and sleek design, it’s ideal for barbers.
Oster Classic 76: A heavy-duty clipper with powerful motor and detachable blades, popular in professional barbershops.

9. Maintenance & Cleaning Tips

To ensure your hair clipper continues to perform at its best, proper maintenance and cleaning are essential. Regular upkeep not only extends the lifespan of the clipper but also ensures you get the best results every time. Here are some simple yet effective tips to maintain and clean your clipper.

a. Clean the Blades After Each Use

After every haircut, it’s important to clean the blades to remove any hair buildup. Built-up hair, oil, and debris in clippers can reduce their efficiency and cutting performance over time. Use a small brush (often included with the clipper) to gently remove debris from the blades. For a deeper clean, wipe the blades with a damp cloth and allow them to dry completely before storing the clipper.

Tip: Always turn off the clipper before cleaning the blades.

b. Lubricate the Blades Regularly

Lubricating the blades keeps them sharp and running smoothly. Blade oil is typically recommended for hair clippers. Once the blades are clean, apply a few drops of oil to maintain smooth and efficient performance. This prevents friction and heat buildup, which can cause the blades to wear down faster.

Tip: Lubricate the blades after every 3 to 5 uses, depending on how frequently you use the clipper.

c. Detach and Clean the Guards

Guard combs or attachments also need regular cleaning. They can easily collect hair, especially after multiple uses. Remove the clipper guards and either rinse them with warm water or use a cleaning brush to clear out any buildup. Make sure they are fully dry before snapping them back into place.

Tip: Some guards can be soaked in warm water with mild soap for a deeper clean.

d. Check the Motor and Housing

Regularly check the clipper’s motor and outer casing for any visible damage or signs of heavy wear.If the motor feels weak or the clipper vibrates too much, it might be time for a professional repair or replacement. Make sure there is no hair trapped inside the housing or motor area.

Tip: Avoid using the clipper if the motor sounds off or shows signs of malfunction.

e. Store the Clipper Properly

Storing your clipper correctly plays a key role in preserving its quality and lifespan. After cleaning and oiling, store the clipper in a dry, cool place away from moisture. Avoid storing it in a humid bathroom, as this can cause rust or blade damage. Some clippers come with a protective case to keep them safe and dust-free.

Tip: Always store the clipper with the blades facing up to avoid damaging the blades.

f. Regularly Replace Worn-Out Blades

Blades will eventually wear out after prolonged use. If the blades become dull or start pulling on hair, it’s time to replace them. Be sure to consult the manufacturer’s guidelines when it comes to replacing parts.

Tip: Keep spare blades on hand to ensure your clipper stays in optimal condition.

10. Advantages of Using a Hair Clipper

Understanding what a hair clipper is and how it can benefit you is essential when deciding whether to invest in one. Whether you’re looking to cut your hair at home or maintain a well-groomed style, hair clippers offer several advantages over traditional methods. Let’s explore the main advantages of using a hair clipper.

a. Cost-Effective

One of the biggest advantages of using a hair clipper is the long-term savings. Visiting a barber or stylist regularly can get expensive. By investing in a high-quality clipper, you can save money over time by cutting your own hair at home.

Tip: With a good clipper, you only need to make an initial investment, and you can cut your hair as often as needed.

b. Convenience and Time-Saving

Using a hair clipper allows you to cut your hair whenever you need to, without having to schedule appointments or wait in line at a salon. This is especially convenient for busy individuals who prefer to manage their own grooming. Whether it’s a quick trim or a full haircut, clippers make the process fast and efficient.Tip: Having a hair clipper on hand means you can maintain your haircuts and styles without the hassle of making appointments.

c. Precision and Control

Unlike scissors, hair clippers offer precision and control, especially when using adjustable guards. You can easily choose the length you want, ensuring an even cut every time. This is particularly useful for those who want to maintain a consistent haircut or create fades and blends.

Tip: Clippers with adjustable levers or multiple guard sizes give you the flexibility to achieve your preferred style.

d. Ideal for Short and Medium Cuts

While scissors are great for long hair, hair clippers are perfect for cutting short to medium-length hair. Whether you’re going for a buzz cut, fade, or a simple trim, clippers ensure the job gets done quickly and accurately.

Tip: If you have short or medium-length hair, a clipper can save you time compared to using scissors or visiting a stylist.

e. Versatility

Most hair clippers come with multiple guard sizes and adjustable levers, making them versatile for different styles and hair lengths. Whether you want a clean shave, a short buzz cut, or a faded style, clippers can accommodate a wide range of looks.

Tip: Look for a clipper with a variety of guard sizes and attachments to get the most versatility out of your tool.

f. Long-Lasting Investment

High-quality hair clippers are built to last, making them a durable tool for personal grooming. With proper maintenance and care, a good clipper can last for years, giving you value for your money in the long run.

Tip: Invest in a reliable, durable clipper to ensure it continues to perform well over time.

g. Reduced Hair Damage

Using hair clippers can result in less damage to your hair compared to using scissors. Clippers make a clean, straight cut, whereas scissors can pull or cause split ends if not used properly.

Tip: For those who frequently cut their hair, clippers can prevent damage caused by improper cutting techniques with scissors.

11. Common Mistakes to Avoid

Using hair clippers can be an efficient and cost-effective way to maintain your haircuts, but it’s easy to make mistakes if you’re not familiar with the proper techniques. Understanding what a hair clipper is and how to use it correctly will help you avoid these common errors, ensuring a smooth and safe haircut every time.

a. Not Cleaning the Clippers After Each Use

One of the most common mistakes people make is not cleaning their clippers after every use. ver time, clippers can collect hair, oil, and debris, which may hinder their overall performance. Regular cleaning helps maintain the clipper’s efficiency and prolongs its lifespan.

Tip: Always clean the blades and guards after each use with a brush or cloth to keep your clipper in top condition.

b. Using the Wrong Guard Size

Using the wrong guard size can lead to uneven haircuts. It’s essential to choose the right guard length for the hairstyle you want to achieve. If you’re unsure, start with a longer guard and work your way down to avoid cutting too much hair.

Tip: When trying a new length, start with a longer guard to avoid cutting too much hair too quickly.

c. Not Lubricating the Blades

One frequent mistake is skipping blade lubrication, which can lead to overheating and quicker wear. Oiling the blades regularly helps minimize friction, promotes smoother operation, and extends the clipper’s life.
• Pro Tip: To keep your clipper running efficiently, add a few drops of oil to the blades after every 3 to 5 uses.

d. Applying Too Much Pressure

Applying too much pressure while using a hair clipper can lead to uneven cuts, or even cause the clipper to snag on hair. Let the clipper do the work, and avoid pressing down too hard. A light, steady touch will help you achieve an even cut without damaging the hair or the clipper.

Tip: Use a gentle hand and let the clipper glide over the hair instead of pushing it down too forcefully.

e. Cutting Hair When the Clippers Are Too Dirty

Cutting hair with a dirty clipper can cause uneven cuts or snag on hair. Before using your clipper, make sure it’s clean, properly lubricated, and free from any hair buildup. Dirty clippers not only affect the quality of the cut but can also cause discomfort during use.

Tip: Always clean your clipper before starting to avoid hair snags or an uneven cut.

f. Not Checking Battery Levels (For Cordless Clippers)

If you’re using a cordless hair clipper, failing to check the battery level before starting can lead to an incomplete or rushed haircut. Make sure your clipper is fully charged, or keep an extra battery or charging station handy.

Tip: Charge your clipper fully before use to avoid interruptions mid-haircut.

7. Using Clippers on Wet Hair (Without the Right Model)

Many clippers are designed for dry hair use only. Using them on wet hair can cause the blades to become dull or pull on the hair, resulting in an uneven cut. Always check the manufacturer’s instructions to see if your clipper can be used on wet hair.

Tip: For wet hair, use clippers that are specifically designed for wet use or ensure the hair is thoroughly dried before clipping.

FAQs

1. What Is a Hair Clipper Used For?

A hair clipper is a grooming tool used to cut hair, typically for short haircuts, fades, or buzz cuts. It uses sharp blades that move back and forth to trim hair quickly and evenly, making it ideal for personal and professional use.

2. Can I Use a Hair Clipper on Wet Hair?

It depends on the type of clipper. Some hair clippers are designed for wet hair use, while others are intended for dry hair only. Always check the manufacturer’s instructions before using your clipper on wet hair to avoid damage to the blades or uneven cuts.

3. How Often Should I Clean My Hair Clipper?

Cleaning your hair clipper after every use helps eliminate leftover hair and buildup from the blades. Regular cleaning ensures optimal performance and longevity. Additionally, lubricating the blades after cleaning will keep them functioning smoothly.

4. Can I Cut My Own Hair with a Hair Clipper?

Yes, you can cut your own hair with a hair clipper, especially if you’re maintaining a short style. Clippers are great for self-haircuts because they provide precision and control. With the right guard size and technique, you can achieve a clean, even cut.

5. How Long Does a Hair Clipper Last?

The lifespan of a hair clipper depends on the quality of the clipper, how often it is used, and how well it is maintained. With proper care—such as regular cleaning, lubrication, and replacing dull blades—a good quality clipper can last several years.

6. Are Cordless Hair Clippers Better Than Corded Ones?

Cordless hair clippers offer more flexibility and mobility, making them ideal for use on the go or for self-haircuts. However, corded clippers tend to have more consistent power and are often preferred for professional use. Your selection should be based on what suits your individual needs and preferences best.

7. How Do I Choose the Right Hair Clipper?

When choosing a hair clipper, consider factors like the motor power, the number of guard sizes, the design, and whether you need a cordless or corded model. Look for clippers that match your specific cutting needs, whether it’s for home use or professional styling.

Conclusion

To wrap up, knowing how a hair clipper functions is key for anyone aiming to achieve sharp, salon-quality haircuts—whether at home or professionally. Whether you’re trimming your own hair or cutting someone else’s, choosing the right clipper, maintaining it properly, and avoiding common mistakes will help ensure the best results.

From learning about the different types of clippers to understanding their key components and maintenance needs, you now have the knowledge to make an informed decision. Whether you choose a clipper for home use or professional use, investing in a quality product and caring for it will give you years of reliable service.

With the right hair clipper, you’ll save time and money, all while enjoying the convenience and precision of a well-groomed style. So, pick the best one for your needs, follow the tips we’ve shared, and enjoy a smooth, easy haircutting experience every time.